The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 moved the boundary between Spanish and Portuguese lands in the New World. The line of demarcation established a year earlier by the pope’s papal bull Inter Caetera shifted 1,000 miles westward, with the result that Brazil (when it was discovered) came under Portuguese control.
Pope Alexander VI (1431–1503), who was elected pope in 1492, issued the Inter caetera, which divided lands in the New World between Spain and Portugal.