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Showing results 1 – 9 of 9
Essay
The United States and the Caribbean, 1877–1920
Between 1877 and 1920, the United States’ relationship with the Caribbean region underwent a...
Essay
The US and Spanish American Revolutions
If one says “American Revolution” in the United States today, it is assumed that what is being referred to is the North American liberation struggles against the British Empire in...
Glossary Term – Event
Invasion of Panama
Following more than a year of diplomatic conflict between the US and Panama, US military forces invaded Panama. The invasion was widely condemned by the international community, but President Bush justified the action as a measure to protect American citizens in Panama, fight Panamanian drug trafficking, protect the neutrality of the Panama Canal, remove General Manuel Noriega, and restore democratic government.
Glossary Term – Event
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
In the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, Panama granted the United States sovereignty over the Canal Zone in exchange for $10,000,000 plus annuity. Panama became a protectorate of the United States.
Glossary Term – Event
Panama Canal treaties
President Jimmy Carter and Panamanian leader Omar Torrijos signed the Panama Canal Treaties of 1977. The treaties provided for an end to US control over the canal by the year 2000, with the US reserving the authority to defend the canal as an internationally used waterway.
Glossary Term – Person
Manuel Noriega
Manuel Noriega (1938– ) rose to military power in Panama when he participated in the coup that installed Omar Torrijos as the country’s leader. As Panama’s chief of military intelligence, Noriega worked with the American government and the CIA during the Nixon administration, though he was known in his own country for brutality and corruption. Noriega became Panama’s dictator upon the death of Torrijos in 1983. By 1989, the United States could no longer ignore Noriega’s actions, which included violation of the Panama Canal Treaty and...
Glossary Term – Place
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal is an artificial waterway that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Isthmus of Panama in Central America. Built by the United States between 1904 and 1914, the canal stretches about forty miles. The United States controlled the canal until 1979, when it became overseen by both US and Panama authorities joined together in the Panama Canal Commission. On December 31, 1999, the United States officially relinquished its control over the canal.