Brook Farm was established near Boston. A utopian community inspired by American Transcendentalism, Brook Farm sought to combine manual labor and intellectual pursuits.
Transcendentalists were members of the nineneenth-century movement, based in New England, of writers and thinkers who subscribed to a philosophy emphasizing the unity of the natural world, Romantic ideas, and personal experience and revelation. Leaders of the transcendental movement included Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller.
Horace Mann (1796–1859) was an antebellum education reformer who served in the US House of Representatives. Mann was the leader of the Common School Movement, an effort to ensure free public education for all American children. He supported professional training for teachers and other education reformers and was an ardent abolitionist.