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Primary Source
Cotton Mather’s Account of the Witch Trials, 1693
Primary Source
George Washington’s First Inaugural Address, 1789
Teaching Resource
Enslaved African Americans and Expressions of Freedom
Students will examine African American slave spirituals, a painting, and a personal narrative to analyze the underlying messages of these materials.
MaterialsThe Old Plantation (painting) can be seen at:http://www.history.org/history/teaching/enewsletter/volume3/february05/iotm.cfmThe following materials are available as pdf files:...
Teaching Resource
Perspectives on the Fourth of July
As copies of the Declaration of Independence spread through the colonies and were publicly read at town meetings, people lit great bonfires, illuminated their windows with candles, fired guns, rang bells, and tore down and destroyed the symbols of monarchy on public buildings.But what exactly were people celebrating? A speech or a written document? Freedom or equality? Inalienable rights or the right to rebel?The actual Fourth of July holiday may have been started...
Teaching Resource
Birth of a Nation
In 1915, 50 years after the end of the Civil War, D.W. Griffith, released his epic film Birth of a Nation. The greatest blockbuster of the silent era, Birth of a Nation was seen by an estimated 200 million Americans by 1946.Based on a novel by a Baptist preacher named Thomas Dixon, the film painted Reconstruction, the period following the Civil War, as a time when vengeful former slaves, opportunistic white scalawags, and corrupt Yankee carpetbaggers plundered and oppressed the former Confederacy until respectable white...
Teaching Resource
Education in America, 1860-1950
Resources Invested in Education
Spending on Education
Spending Per Child 15-19
Percentage of GNP...
Teaching Resource
Going to School, Then and Now: Education in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and To Kill a Mockingbird
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain and To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee are both written in the voices of children. While each book gives and unabashed commentary of the social mores of the time and place where it is set, students can also learn about attitudes toward education during these periods. Examining primary documents will also show was schools of the times offered their students.
BackgroundThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain...
Teaching Resource
The Jungle
The United States was transformed in the last decades of the nineteenth century by the industrial revolution. The rapid growth of cities, increase in immigration, expansion of a struggling working class, and concentration of the nation’s wealth in the hands of a few “robber barrons” all demonstrated that the nation’s governing institutions were not prepared to cope with the challenges of that revolution.
The government’s role in the economy in the nineteenth century is best characterized as one of removing...

