Vermont abolished slavery, followed by Massachusetts in 1783. Gradual emancipation laws were passed between 1780 and 1804 in Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey.
After winning the Battle of Brandywine, the British captured Philadelphia on September 26, 1777. The British army finally left the Continental capital almost nine months later on June 18, 1778, following France’s entry into the war.
The first major American victory of the war took place at Saratoga when Continental forces trapped British General John Burgoyne’s army. Burgoyne was forced to surrender on October 17.
Washington made camp for the winter at Valley Forge. Washington’s army suffered incredible hardship through the winter, facing disease, cold, hunger, and lack of supplies.