Native American populations in New England, with no immunity to European diseases, were nearly eradicated by a mysterious epidemic—likely smallpox. Between 1616 and 1619, the population of the Massachusett and other Algonquin tribes was reduced by as much as 90 percent by disease.
The Iroquois and the Dutch entered into a mutually beneficial alliance, wherein the Dutch found success in fur-trading and the Iroqouis gained access to goods and weapons.
Virginia Dare became the first English child born in North America, at Roanoke.
The first American Indian reservations were established when Puritans, led by John Davenport and Theophilus Eaton, signed a treaty dividing lands near New Haven with the Quinnipiac Indians.
Reverend Thomas Hooker and a group of settlers from Massachusetts established Hartford.
Angry that the royal governor William Berkeley had appeased Indian tribes who had attacked the western settlements, Virginia settlers staged a rebellion against the government. The settlers were led by Nathaniel Bacon, who successfully attacked Indian settlements and burned Jamestown.
William Penn received a charter to settle Pennsylvania.
Dutch colonists—both individuals and families—settled along the Hudson River, leading to the river's transformation into a major commercial waterway.