Robert Finley founded the American Colonization Society with the intention of resettling freed slaves in Africa. Some former slaves later settled in the Republic of Liberia, which was founded in 1822.
Angelina Grimké presented anti-slavery petitions to the Boston State House and became the first woman to address a legislative body in American history.
David Walker’s Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, a radical pamphlet that attacked slavery and the colonization movement, was published in Boston. It called for the abolition of slavery by any means.
Denmark Vesey, a former slave who had purchased his freedom after winning a lottery, organized an insurrection in Charleston, South Carolina, in May 1822. After several slaves informed their masters of the plot, 131 blacks were arrested and thirty-five hanged.
The Female Anti-Slavery Society (later the Salem Female Anti-Slavery Society) was founded in Massachusetts. It was the first abolitionist organization established by black women.