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Additional resources for this issue of History
Now
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From the author of this essay, Bruce Levine:
Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans To Free And Arm
Slaves During The Civil War. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2005.
He also has an earlier book on the origins of the Civil War:
Half Slave And Half Free: The Roots Of Civil War. New
York: Hill and Wang, 1992.
To learn about Richard Ewell, go to this recent biography:
Pfanz, Donald. Richard S. Ewell: A Soldier's Life. Chapel
Hill: University of North Carolina Press, c1998.
These authors examine the role of African-Americans, Northern
and Southern, free and slave, in the Civil War:
Brewer, James H. The Confederate Negro; Virginia's Craftsmen
And Military Laborers, 1861-1865. Durham, N.C., Duke University
Press, 1969.
McPherson, James M. The Negro's Civil War: How American Negroes
Felt And Acted During The War For The Union. Urbana: University
of Illinois Press, 1982.
You and your students may need an introduction to the subject
of the Neo-Confederate school of historians. In these essays,
Prof. Levine and other mainstream scholars examine the phenomenon:
Levine, Bruce. "Black Confederates and Neo-Confederates:
In Search of a Usable Past," in Race, Slavery and Public
History: The Tough Stuff of American Memory, ed. James Oliver
Horton and Lois E. Horton (New York: The New Press, 2006, pp.
187-211), and "Myth and Reality: Black Confederates,"
North & South magazine, vol. 10, no. 2 (July 2007), pp. 40-45.
Hague, Euan Hague, Heidi Beirich, and Edward H. Sebesta, eds.
Neo-Confederacy: A Critical Introduction. Austin: University
of Texas Press, 2008. A collection of essays examining the Neo-Confederate
movement in the study of history, literature, and culture.
Here are some examples of Neo-Confederate authors and their work:
Blackerby, H.D. Blacks in Blue and Gray: Afro-American Service
in the Civil War. Tuscaloosa, Ala.: Portals Press, 1979.
Barrow, Charles Kelly, J. H. Segars, and R. B. Rosenburg, eds.,
Black Confederates (1995; reprint, Gretna, La.: Pelican Publishing
Co., 2001).
Internet
Most Web-based materials on African-Americans in the Civil War
focus on Northerners and the Union Army. Still, you’ll find
some sources for Southern African Americans, free and bond, here:
This excellent offering from the National Archives deals with
black soldiers in the War:
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/blacks-civil-war/
From Mississippi History Now – a measured and
thoughtful article by James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., on ”Black
Confederate Pensioners After the Civil War”:
http://mshistory.k12.ms.us/articles/289/black-confederate-pensioners-after-the-civil-war
And this 10 May 1862 issue of Harper’s Weekly
carries an intriguing piece on slaves “forced” to
fight for the Confederacy:
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/confederate-negro-soldier.htm
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