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At the Institute’s core is the Gilder Lehrman Collection, one of the great archives in American history. More than 70,000 items cover five hundred years of American history, from Columbus’s 1493 letter describing the New World to soldiers’ letters from World War II and Vietnam. Explore primary sources, visit exhibitions in person or online, or bring your class on a field trip.

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Showing results 76 - 100

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1805/08/05

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Tobias Lear re: Bassa recognizing Lear's diplomatic authority [in Italian]

GLC 2794.077 is a translation of this letter. The Bashaw initially refused to accept Lear as American Consul to Tunis.

GLC02794.076

1805/08/05

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript document

Title: to Tobias Lear re: Bassa accepting Lear's diplomatic authority

Translation in a clerk's hand of GLC 2794.076: "[Y]ou are appointed as [Consul] to all the Powers whose coasts are wet by the Mediterranean, and as I am one of those powers, I make not the least difficulty to the contrary." This comment comes after Bashaw had originally refused to see Lear.

GLC02794.077

1805/08/05

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript document signed

Title: Copy of letter to Tobias Lear re: Bassa recognizing Lear's auth'y. [in Italian]

Manuscript copy of GLC 2794.076. Signed by Tobias Lear on 2 September 1805, with a note: "A true copy from the original." Recognizes Lear's authority after originally refusing to accept him as American Consul to Tunis.

GLC02794.078

1805/08/05

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Autograph manuscript signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: the sovereign's refusal to meet with Lear

Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." Draft copy, with edits, of GLC 2794.080. "As George Davis Esq our Charge de Affairs at your Courts has informed me that . . . you refused to receive me a person authorized to transact any business of my nation with you, I find myself unable to execute the duty assigned me by the President of the U. States." Page two contains doodling. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.079

1805/08/05

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Letter signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: the sovereign's refusal to meet with Lear

Final draft of GLC 2794.079 in a clerk's hand with Lear's signature. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." "As George Davis Esq our Charge d'Affairs at your Courts has informed me that . . . you refused to receive me a person authorized to transact any business of my nation with you, I find myself unable to execute the duty assigned me by the President of the U. States." Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.080

1805/08/07

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript document

Title: to Tobias Lear: acknowledging receipt of letters, recognizes Lear's authority

Manuscript copy of letter in a clerk's hand. The Bey of Tunis writes: "as you are authorized by the President I am entirely disposed to hear from you an explanation of your wishes . . . ."

GLC02794.081

1805/08/07

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Tobias Lear re: [?] [in Italian]

Mentions American Consul to Algiers, George Davis. Draft copy of GLC 2794.083. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.082

1805/08/07

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript document signed

Title: Copy of letter to Tobias Lear re: [?] [in Italian]

Signed by Tobias Lear (p. 2) on 2 September 1805, with a note: "a true copy from the Original." Manuscript copy of GLC 2794.082. Marked "Copia" in upper left-hand corner of the first page. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.083

1805/08/08

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: threatened war between Tunis and U.S.

Draft copy of GLC 2794.085. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." For excerpt, see GLC 2794.085. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.084

1805/08/08

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Manuscript document signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: threatened war between Tunis and U.S.

Final draft of GLC 2794.084 in a clerk's hand, with Lear's signature. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." Lear writes: "the repeated threats of your Excellency to make war upon the United States has Obliged the Commander of the American Squadron in this Sea, to place himslef in a situation to guard against that evil [. . . .

GLC02794.085

1805/08/09

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript document

Title: to Tobias Lear re: Bey's attempt to avoid hostilities with the U.S.

Manuscript copy of letter in a clerk's hand with copy signature. Bey writes: "you [Lear] are the sole person at this moment invested with the character & power of the President of your Government to treat with me on affairs relative to your Nation." Bey is defending his actions: "[r]ead that what I wrote to you . . . then tell me if you have found my pure intentions equivocal [. . . .] So far Am I from hostile ideas . . . that I now declare . . .

GLC02794.086

1805/08/09

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript signed

Title: copy of letter to Tobias Lear re: [?] [in Italian]

Marked "Copia" in the upper left-hand corner of the first page. Signed by Tobias Lear on p. 9, with a note: "A true Copy from the Original." Bound by a green ribbon. Copy of GLC 2794.088. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.087

1805/08/09

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Tobias Lear re: [?] [in Italian]

Same as GLC 2794.087, in a different hand. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.088

1805/08/10

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: delayed response to Lear's letter on possible war

Draft copy of GLC 2794.090. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." For excerpt, see GLC 2794.090. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.089

1805/08/10

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Letter signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: delayed response to Lear's letter on possible war

Final draft of GLC 2794.089 in a clerk's hand with Lear's signature. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." "I had flattered myself that I should have had the honor of hearing from your Excellency, in answer to my letters of the 8th. of this Month (GLC 2794.084 & 2794.085) [. . . .] As this is not the case . . . I have the honor to assure you that there will be on our part the same Secureity for any persons who may come on board our Vessels as has been heretofore, untill we may be in a declared state of hostitilty . . .

GLC02794.090

1805/08/11

Bassa, Hamuda (fl. 1803-1807)

Manuscript document

Title: Translation of letter to Tobias Lear re: delay in correspondence

The Bashaw explains that his other obligations, and lack of access to a translator resulted in the delayed reply to Lear's letter. Emphasizes that Lear should not doubt "my zeal, & peaceful intentions." Docketed on verso: "Translation of a Letter from the Bey of Tunis to Tobias Lear-- Aug. 11th. 1805"

GLC02794.091

1805/08/11

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: continued peace between U.S. and Tunis

Draft copy of GLC 2794.093. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." Lear responds to the Bashaw's letter of 9 August 1805 (GLC 2794.088). For excerpt, see GLC 2794.093. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.092

1805/08/11

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Manuscript document signed

Title: to Hamuda Bassa re: continued peace between U.S. and Tunis

Final draft of GLC 2794.092 in a clerk's hand with Lear's signature. Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." Lear responds to the Bashaw's letter of 9 August 1805 (GLC 2794.088). "[A]s [your previous letters] contain such assurances of your friendly disposition towards the United States, and expressions of a determination to continue that friendship . . . I shall not hesitate to present myself before your Excellency towmorrow . . . ." Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.093

1805/08/17

Thornton, William

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Tobias Lear re: praise for sending grain to relieve hunger in Algiers

Thornton praises Lear: "I cannot express the satisfaction I feel at the worthy Act you have done in sending Grain to Algiers when they were in destress [sic], & when it would have made you a very large Fortune you have done it on the part of Government . . . . Nothing can more reconcile the Barbarians to us than to shew such disinterested Conduct." Dr. Thornton treated Lear as a patient, and was also a prominent architect and inventor. Attached to GLC 2794.111.

GLC02794.094

1805/08/22

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Sidi Josaph Sapatapa of Tunis re: treaty between Tunis and the U.S.

Draft of GLC 2794.096. Lear writes Sidi Jossaph, the Sapatapa (Prime Minister) to the Bey of Tunis to negotiate more favorable commerce and shipping agreements with Tunis, with the "object . . . to increase the harmony and good understanding which exists between" the U.S. and Tunis. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.095

1805/08/22

Lear, Tobias (1762-1816)

Letter signed

Title: to Sidi Josaph Sapatapa of Tunis re: treaty between Tunis and the U.S.

Final draft of GLC 2794.095 in a clerk's hand with Lear's signature. Lear writes Sidi Jossaph, the Sapatapa (Prime Minister) to the Bey of Tunis to negotiate more favorable commerce and shipping agreements with Tunis, with the "object . . . to increase the harmony and good understanding which exists between" the U.S. and Tunis. Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.096

1805/08/31

Hoggia, Jusuf (fl. 1805)

Manuscript document

Title: to Tobias Lear re: modifications to a treaty between Tunis and U.S.

Translation copy in a clerk's hand. Informs Lear that the Bashaw of Tunis wishes to postpone modifications to the treaty pending the return of his ambassadors with ratification of the treaty by President Jefferson. The Bashaw does agree to stop charging American merchants any extra duty on goods brought to Tunis. A note in a later hand: "Translation."

GLC02794.097

1805/08/31

Hoggia, Jusuf (fl. 1805)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Tobias Lear re: [?] [in Italian]

Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.098

1805/08/31

Hoggia, Jusuf (fl. 1805)

Manuscript document signed

Title: to Tobias Lear re: modifications to treaty [in Italian]

Same as GLC 2794.100. Marked "Copia" in upper left-hand corner of first page. Signed on p. 3 by Tobias Lear on 2 September 1805, with a note: "A true Copy from the Original." Docketed on verso.

GLC02794.099

1805/08/31

Hoggia, Jusuf (fl. 1805)

Manuscript document

Title: to Tobias Lear re: modifications of treaty [in Italian]

Same as GLC 2794.099. Marked "Copia" in the upper left-hand corner of the first page. Lacking Lear's signature.

GLC02794.100

Showing results 76 - 100

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