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For more results, go to The Collection.

4 November 1973

Enns, Paul H., (fl. 1973)

Typed letter signed

Title: to Congressman Carlos J. Moorhead

One letter from Paul H. Enns to Congressman Carlos J. Moorhead dated November 4, 1973. Paul H. Enns supports the impeachment of President Nixon. The letter is written by a pastor at Lancaster United Methodist Church.

GLC09613.02.0246

11709

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Letter to 'Hallie' Jones

GLC03135.13.088

12568

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Mimmi to Hallie Jones and Shirley D. Jones

GLC03135.13.089

12757

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Mimmi to Hallie Jones and Shirley D. Jones

GLC03135.13.100

12930

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Mimmi to Hallie Jones and Shirley D. Jones

GLC03135.13.090

13512

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Mimmi to Hallie and Shirley D. Jones

GLC03135.13.091

13803

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Mimmi to Shirley

GLC03135.13.092

13923

Unknown

Autograph letter signed

Title: Glad You're Better Card

GLC03135.13.093

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1493

Columbus, Christopher (1451-1506)

Pamphlet Include in Object Type Dropdown: 

Title: Epistola Christofori Colom... de insulis Indie supra Gangem.... [exploration]

First edition, in Latin, second (corrected) issue, printed at Rome after 29 April 1493. Gothic type; 33 lines per page. Pamphlet printing letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain concerning his first voyage to America, the so-called Barcelona letter. The earliest printed Columbus letter, describing his discovery of the Caribbean islands of Juana and Hispaniola.

GLC01427

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4 May 1493

Alexander VI, Pope (1431-1503)

Broadside Include in Object Type Dropdown: 

Title: [Demarcation bull, granting Spain possession of lands discovered by Columbus]

Broadside entitled "Copia de la bula del decreto y concession q[ue] hizo el papa / Alexandro sexto al Rey y la Reyna nuestros senores de las Indias conforme al capitu." Unique copy of second version possibly printed at Valladolio, by Francisco Fernandez de Cordoba. Title in Spanish and text in Latin.

GLC04093

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circa 1500

Unknown

Manuscript

Title: [Antiphon]

Single sheet of music. Date inferred. An antiphon is a verse usually from Scripture sung before and after a canticle or psalm as part of the liturgy.

GLC00496.124

circa 1500-1930

Header Record Include in Object Type Dropdown: 

Title: [Collection of Americana from Revolution & Civil War] Decimalized

[decimalized]

GLC00496

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21 June 1540

García de Loaysa, Francisco (fl. 1540)

Letter signed

Title: to Francisco Vásquez de Coronado [in Spanish]

Written on behalf of King Charles I of Spain (Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor), by the President of the Council of the Indies, Francisco García de Loaysa. Report of the Niza expedition. Authorizes Coronado's expedition to explore the heart of the North American continent.

GLC04883

1552

Casas, Bartolomé de las, (1474-1566)

Book Include in Object Type Dropdown: 

Title: Aqui se Contiene una Disputa, o Controversia [Second Edition]

The fifth tract on the conquest of the New World and rights of the Indians. In Spanish.

GLC04220

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circa 1580

Grenville, Richard, Sir (1541?-1591)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to John Blighe

Writes to his cousin to ask him to lend him money. In 1585 Grenville sailed to Virginia with 300 settlers that he successfully disembarked on Roanoke Island (off the coast of what is now North Carolina).

GLC00496.027

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1585-1763

Kneller, Godfrey, Sir (1646-1723)

Engraving Include in Object Type Dropdown: 

Title: [Engraving of Samuel Pepys]

Engraving that appears to be based on the painting by Sir Godfrey Kneller, created in 1689.

GLC00496.258.02

1585-1763

Unknown

Manuscript document

Title: "three things are to be helped in conscience fraud, accident, . . .

. . . things of confidence." Fragment of a larger document. Explains what constitutes an accident.

GLC03107.01338

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1585-1763

Livingston, Robert

Manuscript document signed

Title: to Arent Bratt re: case against John Barnard

The document outlines Christopher Estrat's complaint against John Barnard, who allegedly agreed to lease a piece of land to Jan Baptist and Estrat for 7 years, but then ran Estrat off of it before the lease expired. Estratt is therefore suing Barnard for damages. Livingston's description of the case is then followed by a note from Barnard to Arent Bratt, in which Barnard asks Bratt to attend his case at the Court of Common Pleas.

GLC03107.01822

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1585-1763

Davenport, Thomas

Manuscript document

Title: Account of Peeter Van Brugh & Johannes Cuyler

Van Brugh and Cuyler purchased shroud and some other materials.

GLC03107.01823

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1585-1763

Wessells, Dirk

Manuscript document

Title: "Dirk Wessells Esq: Mayor of the Citty of Albany to the Sherriffe . . .

Constables and other his Majes. officers greting show yee that wee the said Mayor have Lyncenced and" P.1 ends incomplete. P.2 contains an account. Docketed on verso.

GLC03107.01824

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1585-1763

Livingston, Philip

Manuscript document

Title: "a Lyst of Rents due to the estate of father Livingston"

GLC03107.01825

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1585-1763

Johnston, John

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Robert Livingston re: remedies for Livingston's illness [fragment]

Johnston prescribes some remedies to cure Livingston's maladies.

GLC03107.01826

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1585-1763

Unknown

Manuscript document

Title: "Reasons offer to the arbitrators why they ought not to allow . . .

of Jacob Harwoods sham sale of Robt. Livingstons Tallys of 1670." P.1 of the document outlines how Harwood's actions anulled any legitimate sale. P.2 is an account of how Robert Livingston came into possession of a part of the estate of Coll. Dongan. Docketed on verso.

GLC03107.01829

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1585-1763

Hitchcok, John

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Robert Livingston Junior re: offer to lease a farm

Hitchcok offers to lease a farm that Robert Livingston recently purchased.

GLC03107.01830

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1585-1763

Unknown

Manuscript document

Title: Rulings in court cases

The document lists various individuals who have brought cases before a court in Albany, and notes the settlement made in each one.

GLC03107.01831

For more results, go to The Collection.

For more results, go to History Resources.

Lincoln, Civil Liberties, and the Constitution

Video Teaser Image: 

Mark Neely

Government and Civics

Parks and Politics: A Look at Federal Land

Video Teaser Image: 

Patricia Limerick

Geography, Government and Civics

The Changing Face of the Supreme Court in American History

Video Teaser Image: 

A. E. Dick Howard

Government and Civics

The Supreme Court and Religious Freedom

Video Teaser Image: 

A. E. Dick Howard

Government and Civics

The Arab-Israeli Conflict and the Cold War

Video Teaser Image: 

Aaron David Miller

Government and Civics, World History

No Party Now: Politics in the Civil War North

Video Teaser Image: 

Adam I. P. Smith

Government and Civics

The Impact of the New Deal

Video Teaser Image: 

Alan Brinkley

Economics, Government and Civics

8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

FDR’s Personal History and Influences

Video Teaser Image: 

Alan Brinkley

In Pursuit of Equity: Women, Men, and the Quest for Economic Citizenship in 20th-Century America

Video Teaser Image: 

Alice Kessler-Harris

Economics, Government and Civics

The Emancipation Proclamation

Video Teaser Image: 

Allen C. Guelzo

Government and Civics

5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

Two American Revolutions

Video Teaser Image: 

Andrew W. Robertson

Government and Civics

The Costs of the American Revolution

Video Teaser Image: 

Andrew W. Robertson

Economics, Government and Civics

5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

The Aftermath of the French and Indian War

Video Teaser Image: 

Andrew W. Robertson

Government and Civics

The Hemingses of Monticello

Video Teaser Image: 

Annette Gordon-Reed

Government and Civics

Non-Violent Methods of Protest

Video Teaser Image: 

Anthony J. Badger

Economics, Government and Civics

7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

Origins of the Civil Rights Movement

Video Teaser Image: 

Anthony J. Badger

Government and Civics

7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

Martin Luther King Jr.'s Legacy

Video Teaser Image: 

Anthony J. Badger

Government and Civics

7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

FDR’s First 100 Days . . . and Obama’s

Video Teaser Image: 

Anthony J. Badger

Economics

American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson

Video Teaser Image: 

Joseph J. Ellis

Government and Civics

9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

A Voyage Long and Strange

Video Teaser Image: 

Tony Horwitz

World History

9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

Morgan: American Financier

Video Teaser Image: 

Jean Strouse

Art, Economics, World History

8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

Lincoln in Latin America

Video Teaser Image: 

Nicola Miller

Government and Civics, World History

Reform Cities: Chicago, Osaka, and Moscow

Video Teaser Image: 

Blair Ruble

Economics, World History

Europeans and the New World, 1400-1530

Video Teaser Image: 

Brian DeLay

Economics, Geography, Government and Civics, Religion and Philosophy, Science, Technology, Engineering and Math, World History

Calling the Constitutional Convention

Video Teaser Image: 

Carol Berkin

Government and Civics

8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13+

For more results, go to History Now.

Showing results 251 - 275

2017 Teacher Seminar Applications Now Open

Applications are now being accepted for Summer 2017 Teacher Seminars! Spend an exciting week living among fellow educators at a university campus or historical site and learning from renowned scholars on a variety of historical topics. Explore next summer’s Teacher Seminar offerings and apply here. Teacher seminars are open to all Affiliate School teachers. If you are a teacher who is not part of the Affiliate School program, you can easily sign up here. 

Congratulations to the Winners of the Military Monuments Student Photography Contest

In coordination with classroom use of our 2017 Calendar of World War II, and to commemorate Veterans Day, we invited teachers to submit photographs of military monuments or memorials taken by K–12 students in their classes. We selected ten of the photographs as winners. We received more than 130 photographs from students across the country, and even from Taiwan! Our judges—Christine Kang, COO of the Institute; Susan Saidenberg, Director of Exhibitions; Ron Nash, Senior Education Fellow; Peter Shea, Videographer; and Justine Ahlstrom, Executive Editor—had a difficult time choosing just ten.

JFK Assassinated: On This Day, 1963

On November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Texas. The Dow Jones News Service ticker tape shown here provides a testimony of the day’s harrowing events as they unfolded, and gives insight into the confusion and panic of the nation as they awaited news of the President’s fate. The reports begin with, "PRESIDENT KENNEDY WAS SHOT TODAY JUST AS HIS MOTORCADE LEFT DOWNTOWN DALLAS —  MRS KENNEDY JUMPED UP AND GRABBED MR KENNEDY — SHE CRIED OH NO — THE MOTORCADE SPED ON." The ticker news tape continues to follow Kennedy to the hospital, and

Giving Tuesday and the History of Giving Back

Today is Giving Tuesday—a day between Thanksgiving and the rush of the holiday season to give back to the community by volunteering, donating, or speaking out. Americans have a long history of coming together to make a difference and improve the lives of others, most prominently during the Progressive Era, when people across social classes fought for social, political, and economic reforms. The infographic below highlights the top ten most prominent reform movements of the era. You can view an interactive, clickable version here.

Monroe Doctrine Presented to Congress: On This Day, 1823

On December 2, 1823, President James Monroe delivered his annual message to Congress. In one portion, now known as the Monroe Doctrine, he declared that the United States would not meddle in European affairs, and warned European powers not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere. From then on, a European attempt to assert control over any territory in the Western Hemisphere, through attack, colonization, or puppet monarchs, would be viewed as a threat to America as well. The doctrine was a response to growing unease about European powers jockeying for control or territory and trade in the

Thirteenth Amendment Ratified: On This Day, 1865

On December 6, 1865, the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, was ratified: Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. As a constitutional amendment, it was more permanent—and farther reaching—than the Emancipation Proclamation, an executive order that applied solely to those states in rebellion.     The US Senate had

Attack on Pearl Harbor: On This Day, 1941

Seventy-five years ago, shortly before 8 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, 1941, Japan launched a surprise attack against US armed forces in Hawaii. Japanese pilots targeted Army, Navy, and Marine airfields, followed by naval ships at Pearl Harbor, with the aim of devastating the entire US Pacific fleet. The two-hour attack left 2,403 Americans dead and 1,178 injured, and was followed by a formal declaration of war against the United States. On December 8, after a nearly unanimous vote by Congress, the US formally declared war on Japan. This interactive story map uses a timeline and photographs,

Battle of Fredericksburg: On This Day, 1862

The first Battle of Fredericksburg, fought December 11–15, 1862, has the distinction of being the largest Civil War battle, with a staggering total of 173,000 combatants. On December 11, Union troops came under heavy fire as they built bridges across the Rappahannock River. They crossed into the town of Fredericksburg the next day and clashed with Confederate troops, making this the first urban battle of the war. On December 13, 1862, Union troops led by General Ambrose Burnside faced off against General Robert E. Lee’s Confederate forces at Marye’s Heights on the outskirts of Fredericksburg

Jeff Forret Wins 18th Annual Frederick Douglass Book Prize

Congratulations to Lamar University history professor Jeff Forret, who has been selected as the winner of the 2016 Frederick Douglass Book Prize for his book Slave Against Slave: Plantation Violence in the Old South (Louisiana State University Press). Forret’s book explores the physical conflicts between enslaved people in the American South prior to the Civil War. Using a variety of historical documents, Forret sheds light on the complex dynamics, value systems, and social relationships that existed among enslaved people. Forret will recieve a $25,000 prize at a ceremony in his honor on

Professional Development through the Gilder Lehrman Institute

We’re excited to announce that the Gilder Lehrman Institute is now a registered provider of Continuing Professional Education (CPE) in Texas! Educators can obtain CPE hours through a variety of programs: online Self-Paced Courses, Teaching Literacy through History workshops, and summer Teacher Seminars—which are now open for applications. We are currently in the process of becoming a registered professional development provider in all 50 states in order to make it easier for teachers to obtain professional development credit for our programs. If you would be interested in seeing the Gilder

South Carolina Secedes from the Union: On This Day, December 20, 1860

On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first Southern state to secede from the Union. Abraham Lincoln’s election in November 1860 set the wheels of secession in motion. Many Southerners were convinced that the new president and his Republican Party would take federal action against slavery. This broadside, printed by the Charleston Mercury, announced that South Carolina, by unanimous vote, would repeal the US Constitution and that "the union now subsisting between South Carolina and other States, under the name of ‘The United States of America,’ is hereby dissolved." Eventually, ten

Bill of Rights Ratified: December 15, 1791

Passed by Congress in September 1789, the Bill of Rights was officially ratified on December 15, 1791, when Virginia became the tenth state (out of fourteen) to approve ten of the twelve proposed amendments. These ten amendments to the Constitution protect individual liberties from the power of the federal government; guarantee freedom of speech, press, religion, petition, and assembly; and specify the rights of the accused in criminal and civil cases. Explore some of the Gilder Lehrman Institute’s teaching resources for introducing the Bill of Rights in the classroom:  Grades 4-6 Grades 7-9

WWI Project Deadline Fast Approaching

The deadline for the WWI and America Project is January 13, 2017, in just three weeks! Public, academic, and community college libraries have the opportunity to join institutions across the country in commemorating the 100th anniversary of America entering World War I by receiving a programming grant and a dynamic Gilder Lehrman traveling exhibition. Apply to the program, a partnership with the NEH and The Library of America, or discover WWI programs being held in your state.

George Washington Writes from Valley Forge: On This Day, December 29, 1777

On December 29, 1777, badly in need of more supplies and troops, George Washington wrote to the New Hampshire legislature pleading for assistance. He describes the desperate state of the 9,000 Continental Army troops camped for the winter in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, counting many ill or wounded and noting that least one-third were braving the cold barefoot and without proper clothing. Washington sent a version of this letter to every state legislature, with the exception of Georgia. In the six months the Continental Army was camped in Valley Forge, two thousand died from cold, hunger, and

New York Stock Exchange Opens First Headquarters: On This Day, January 4, 1865

On January 4, 1865, the New York Stock Exchange opened for business in its first permanent headquarters on Broad Street. The Exchange had formally existed since 1792, but had operated out of a series of packed Wall Street coffee-houses and rented offices. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, the need for a more permanent exchange became clear: the opening of the Erie Canal saw New York City rise to prominence as the nation’s financial center, while a surge in American enterprise and the invention of telegraphs, tickers, and transatlantic cables greatly increased trading capacity. After the

SAT US History Exam

The SAT US History Exam is only two weeks away, on January 21! Forty percent of the exam will focus on the momentous events and changes of the twentieth century. Prepare by reviewing the prewar, postwar, and present-day eras, or view the entire SAT II Study Guide here.   

Happy Birthday, Alexander Hamilton!

Alexander Hamilton was born on January 11—in 1755 or 1757—in Nevis, a small island in the Caribbean. Hamilton left an immense legacy as the first secretary of the treasury and architect of the American financial system. But what of Hamilton the man? Hamilton’s amorous side is revealed in an intimate letter to his fiancée, Elizabeth Schuyler. Writing in the midst of the American Revolution, while serving as George Washington’s aide, Hamilton declares, "I meet you in every dream . . . ’Tis a pretty story indeed that I am to be thus monopolized, by a little nut-brown maid like you and from a

A Jamestown Settler Describes Life in Virginia: On This Day, January 13, 1622

In 1622, colonist Sebastian Brandt wrote a letter to a merchant in London, seeking supplies and assistance. Brandt had arrived in Jamestown intending to scour the land for precious minerals such as gold, silver, and copper. But he was impeded by the deaths of his wife and brother, his own illness, and a lack of supplies. He asks Henry Hovener to send him a long list of necessities. including a bed, clothing, shoes, cutlery, cheese, spices, "cullerd beads" to trade with Native Americans, and a strong young man to assist him in mining. Though he lacks money and gold, he assures Hovener that he

Martin Luther King Jr. Day

Today we commemorate Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s immense contributions to civil rights and social justice. One of the most enduring images of the civil rights movement is Dr. King delivering his "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. In this video, join Stanford University professor Clayborne Carson as he recalls the events of August 28, 1963, and explores the legacy of that iconic gathering:  Read more about the establishment of Martin Luther King Jr. Day and the Major Events and Legacies of the Civil Rights Movement.

Civil War Essay Contest: Deadline Approaching

Middle and high school students with a passion for the Civil War can flex their writing and research skills by submitting an entry to the Civil War Essay Contest. Students have the opportunity to explore a Civil War topic of their choice and use secondary and primary sources (including letters, speeches, songs, photographs, newspapers, and military orders) to create an original scholarly essay. In addition to prizes for the winning entries, the top essay writer from each school will receive a Gilder Lehrman publication, and both the school with the highest average judges’ score (minimum 10

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address: On This Day, January 20, 1961

President John F. Kennedy was inaugurated on January 20, 1961. Elected in the midst of the Cold War, Kennedy focused his inaugural address on international politics and America’s place in the world. Kennedy appealed to both American citizens and people of other nations to come together in a struggle against "the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself." He closed his speech with the now famous words: And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do

John Adams on Slavery: On This Day, January 24, 1801

On January 24, 1801, President John Adams responded to two abolitionists who had sent him an anti-slavery pamphlet by Quaker reformer Warner Mifflin (1745–1798). Adams writes that he is personally against slavery, noting that "never in my Life did I own a Slave"—but that abolition should be "gradual and accomplished with much caution and Circumspection." In this his vision aligned with that of George Washington, who wrote privately to a fellow Virginia planter in 1786 that it was "among my first wishes to see some plan adopted by which slavery in the Country may be abolished by slow, sure,

First All-Black Regiment Authorized: On This Day, 1863

African Americans have served in every conflict in United States history, beginning with the American Revolution. However, it was not until the Civil War, and the passage of the Emancipation Proclamation, that free African American men were officially sanctioned to join the US Army. On January 26, 1863, the 54th Massachusetts volunteer infantry was created by the War Department, becoming the first all-black regiment in US history. The 54th Massachusetts, led by white general Robert Gould Shaw, had to struggle to gain respect, recognition, and equal pay.  The Gallant Charge of the Fifty Fourth

National Freedom Day

National Freedom Day commemorates the date on which President Abraham Lincoln signed a congressional resolution proposing a Thirteenth Amendment—February 1, 1865. The amendment, ratified by the states on December 6 of that year, permanently abolished slavery in America. The road to abolishing slavery in America was a long and arduous one. In commemoration of the day, click the icons below to read about some of the men and women who contributed to the abolitionist movement:  Frederick Douglass &Black Abolitionists Sojourner Truth &Black Female Abolitionists Sarah & Angelina Grimke

Happy Birthday, Aaron Burr!

Aaron Burr was born in Newark, New Jersey, on February 6, 1756. In many ways his career paralleled that of his rival Alexander Hamilton. They both served in the Continental Army, became lawyers and practiced in Albany and New York City, and had rising political careers in the 1790s. Burr suffered a defeat in his bid for the presidency in 1800 and his bid for governor of New York in 1804, for which he blamed Hamilton. Their rivalry ended in the infamous 1804 duel. What became of Burr in the aftermath of the duel in which he fatally wounded Hamilton? On July 20, 1804, nine days after the duel,

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