AP African American Studies Resource Archive | Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History

A flyer with the images of two white men (Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner) flanking the image of a Black man (James Chaney).

Nonviolent Resistance and the Civil Rights Movement

by Robert Greene II

Learn more about nonviolent tactics and campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement.

Essay

A black-and-white photograph of Sojourner Truth, seated, holding sewing materials in her hand; below her portrait is the phrase "I sell the shadow to support the substance."

Black Women’s Activism in Free Black Communities

with Carla L. Peterson

Learn how Black women such as Maria W. Stewart and Sojourner Truth organized for their communities.

Video

Gwendolyn Brooks, a bespectacled Black woman, wearing a brown and magenta floral shirt and a brown head cover.

“We’re the Only Colored People Here”

1945

Read a short story that would grow into Gwendolyn Brooks’s novel Maud Martha (1953).

Primary Source