AP African American Studies Resource Archive

AP African American Studies Resource Library

A black-and-white photograph of a White soldier with a heavy dark beard sitting in a chair, wearing a double-breasted Union Army uniform, with a gold bar with two stars on his left shoulder

General Order No. 3

1865

Read the General Order announcing emancipation in Texas, giving birth to Juneteenth.

  • Primary Source
Portrait of Paul Laurence Dunbar, a young Black man, wearing a dark suit and tie and white shirt.

“The Colored Soldiers”

1895

This poem, featured in Dunbar's collection Majors and Minors, recalls the impact of Black service in the Civil War.

  • Primary Source

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