Declaration 1776: The Big Bang of Modern Democracy

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• John Trumbull, The Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776, painted circa 1818. (Yale University Art Gallery, Trumbull Collection)
• The Declaration of Independence, printed by John Dunlap in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776. (Library of Congress Rare Book and Special Collections Division)
• John Hancock to the Boston Town Clerk, announcing the Declaration of Independence, July 6, 1776. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC00595)
• The Declaration of Independence, printed by Peter Timothy in Charleston, South Carolina on August 2, 1776. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC00959)
• “First Reading of the Declaration of Independence in New York,” illustration by A. R. Waud printed in Harper’s Weekly, July 9, 1870. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC01733.12)
• British printing of the Declaration of Independence in Gentleman’s Magazine, August 1776. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC08863)
• French translation of the Declaration of Independence printed in Recueil des loix constitutives des colonies angloises, published in Philadelphia and sold in Paris, 1778. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC01720) 

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• Engraving of the Rev. Lemuel Haynes, n.d. (Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs, The New York Public Library)
• Engraving of “Brother Prince Hall,” 1924. (Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Photographs and Prints Division, The New York Public Library)
• Miniature watercolor on ivory portrait of Elizabeth Freeman (“Mumbet”) by Susan Anne Livingston Ridley Sedgwick, 1811. (Massachusetts Historical Society)
• Engraved portrait of Benjamin Banneker from the title page of Benjamin Bann[e]ker’s Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia Almanac, for the Year of Our Lord 1795 (Philadelphia: Jacob Johnson & Co., [1794]). (Courtesy of the Maryland Center for History and Culture, [Rare MAY 42 .B21 1795F])
• Quote from Benjamin Banneker
• Quote from David Walker, Walker’s Appeal, 1829. (Internet Archive)
• Quote from the Reverand Richard Allen, 1830
• “The National Colored Convention in Session at Washington, D.C.,” illustration by Theodore R. Davis printed in Harper’s Weekly, February 6, 1869. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC01733.11)
• Masthead of Palladium of Liberty, Columbus, Ohio, February 14, 1844. (Columbus Black Heritage Collection, Columbus Metropolitan Library)
• Quote from Frederick Douglass’s “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July” speech, 1852.
• Portrait of Frederick Douglass from his second autobiography, My Bondage and My Freedom, 1855. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC05820) 

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• Haitian Declaration of Independence, January 1, 1804. (The National Archives UK)
• Quote from the Haitian Declaration of Independence (The National Archives UK)
• Twentieth-century painting of Général Jean-Jacques Dessalines, 1957. (Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Photographs and Prints Division, The New York Public Library)
• Painting depicting the signing of the Venezuelan Declaration of Independence on July 5, 1811, by Juan Lovera, 1838. (Colección Museo de Caracas)
• The Venezuelan Declaration of Independence and Constitution, printed in London by Longman and Co., 1812. (Rice University, Fondren Library, Woodson Research Center)
• Quote from the Venezuelan Declaration of Independence, 1811
• Signing the Cartagena Declaration of Independence, 1811. (Ron Giling/Alamy)
• Translated quote from the Act of Independence of the Province of Cartagena in New Granada, 1811
• “Independence Day, July 26th” printed by Hutchinson & Co. in London in 1908. (Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Jean Blackwell Hutson Research and Reference Division, New York Public Library)
• Half-length portrait of Liberia’s first president Joseph Jenkins Roberts, photograph taken by Rufus Anson in January 1854. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division)
• The Declaration of Independence of Liberia, printed by William F. Geddes in Philadelphia, 1848. (Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, The New York Public Library) 

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• An early printing of Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address of November 19, 1863. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC06811)
• Quote from Abraham Lincoln, November 29, 1863
• “The Fifteenth Amendment. Celebrated May 19th, 1870,” print by James Carter Beard, in Baltimore, 1870. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC10030)
• Iowa joint resolution ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution, signed on March 30, 1866. (Gilder Lehrman Collection, GLC02631)
• Photograph of John M. Langston, circa 1880. (Library of Congress)
• Quote from John M. Langston
• Quote from The National Equal Rights League Convention of Colored Men, 1867
• An engraving by William Wellstood of five Black men elected to Congress during Reconstruction. Printed in James G. Blaine, Twenty Years of Congress: From Lincoln to Garfield, Norwich, 1886. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, GLC09746) 

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• Quote from Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 31–April 5, 1776
• Portrait of Abigail Adams by Benjamin Blyth, ca. 1766. (Massachusetts Historical Society)
• Quote from The Declaration of Sentiments, 1848
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton with her sons, Daniel and Henry, 1848. (Library of Congress)
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton, et al. “Declaration of Sentiments,” printed in the Report of the Woman’s Rights Convention, Held at Seneca Falls, N.Y., July 19th and 20th, 1848. (Library of Congress)
• Zitkála-Šá at the meeting of the National Women’s Party in Washington, DC, February 1921. (Getty Images)
• Quote from Zitkála-Šá, March 16, 1896
• Painting of Adella Hunt Logan by William Edouard Scott, 1918. (Courtesy of Adele Logan Alexander)
• Quote from Adella Hunt Logan, September 1905
• “The Declaration of Independence was the direct result of taxation without representation,” postcard published in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1910. (University of Northern Iowa)
• “Another Declaration of Independence,” printed in Harper’s Weekly, May 14, 1910. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC10222)
• Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, passed by Congress in 1919, and ratified by the states in 1920. (National Archives) 

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• Mahatma Gandhi, ca. 1940. (UHM Library Digital Image Collections)
• Quote from the Purna Swaraj, January 26, 1929
• Sultan of Morocco Sidi Mohammed “Sidi Mohamed [ie Mohammed],” December 28, 1927. (National Library of France, Prints and Photography Department)
• Independence Memorial, Fez, Morocco, May 11, 2010. (Alamy)
• Translated quote from the Proclamation of Independence, 1944
• Facsimile of the Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam by Hồ Chí Minh, 1945. (Dragon Wharf branch of the Ho Chi Minh Museum)
• Quote from the Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, 1945
• Mau Mau leader of Kenya African National Union (KANU) Jomo Kenyatta holding the official document of Kenyan Independence, on December 13, 1963, in Nairobi. On the left is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. (AFP/Getty Images)
• Quote from the Constitution of Kenya, 1963
• The Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, 1990. (Lietuvos Respublikos Seimas)
• Quote from The Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, 1990.
• Lithuanians gather in the center of Vilnius, waving national flags, during a demonstration in support of independence, January 10, 1990. (Getty Images)
• The Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine, August 24, 1991. (State Archival Service of Ukraine)
• Translated quote from The Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine, August 24, 1991.
• Ukrainians wave flags and celebrate independence in Kyiv, August 25, 1991. (Getty Images)

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• Quote from Calvin Coolidge, July 5, 1926
• “The Voice of the Liberty Bell 1776–1926,” souvenir poster created by Dan Smith and printed by Elliott Brewer for the Sesquicentennial Celebration in Philadelphia, 1926. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC09657)
• Quote from The President’s Commission on Civil Rights, 1947
• To Secure These Rights: The Report of the President’s Committee on Civil Rights, Washington  D.C., 1947. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC09621)
• Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., 1964. (Library of Congress)
• Quote from Martin Luther King Jr., January 14, 1959. (The Gilder Lehrman Institute, GLC07706)
• Demonstrators holding signs during the March on Washington, photograph by Marion S. Trikosko, August 28, 1963. (Library of Congress)
• Quote from Martin Luther King Jr., “I Have A Dream” speech, August 28, 1963
• Declaration of Indian Purpose: The Voice of the American Indian by the American Indian Chicago Conference, 1961. (ERIC Institute of Education Sciences)
• Quote from the Declaration of Indian Purpose, 1961
• President John F. Kennedy at the White House with delegates from the 1962 American Indian Chicago Conference to discuss the needs and conditions of Native Americans, photograph by Cecil Stoughton, August 15, 1962. (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum)
• Harvey Milk being sworn in as the first gay San Francisco supervisor by California Chief Justice Rose Bird, by Robert Clay, January 9, 1978. (Alamy)
• Cover of The Ladder, the first nationally distributed lesbian magazine in the US, featuring the Declaration of Independence, Volume 2, Issue 10, July 1958. (Internet Archive)
• Quote from Justice Neil Gorsuch, 2018
• “The Supreme Court as of June 30, 2022,” photograph by Fred Schilling, October 7, 2022. (Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States)