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At the Institute’s core is the Gilder Lehrman Collection, one of the great archives in American history. More than 70,000 items cover five hundred years of American history, from Columbus’s 1493 letter describing the New World to soldiers’ letters from World War II and Vietnam. Explore primary sources, visit exhibitions in person or online, or bring your class on a field trip.

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20 May 1863

Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus) (1803-1888)

Letter

Title: to George A. Trenholm

Memminger, Secretary of the Confederate Treasury, requests the financial advice of Trenholm, Confederate agent in Europe.

GLC00832.01

19 June 1863

Blum, L.V. (fl. 1864-1866)

Newspaper

Title: People's press. [Vol. 13, no. 7 (June 19, 1863)]

Vicksburg, Yankee Spy in Nassau.
Observations of a Yankee spy who traded for southern cotton are printed. Two articles discuss running the blockade, and two other articles discuss an important habeas corpus case. The minutes of a peace convention in New York City are included. A long article reports the cavalry fight near Brandy Station.

GLC05959.27.09

20 June 1863

Fuller, Franklin W. (fl. 1861-1865)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Mary

Written "out on picket" near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The officers are becoming familiar with her hand writing. He is glad to receive letters as it makes him feel that everyone at home cares for and remembers him. Sergeant Potter was recently discharged and is headed home today. He has received some mail from his brother-in-law Henry Stark and notes that the envelope was completely covered with directions. Asks if she can make him a few cotton shirts and send one through the mail. If she is unable to make the shirts she should get the material and ask Sarah to make them for him.

GLC03523.42.23

27 July 1863

Cushing, Edward H. (1829-1879)

Newspaper

Title: The Tri-weekly telegraph. [Vol. 29, no. 55, whole no. 3710 (July 27, 1863)]

News from Vicksburg, Mechanicsburg, and the North. Proclamation from Pennsylvania Governor Curtin. Rebel piracies and trade in Liverpool. Cotton swindling.

GLC05959.51.085

8 January 1863

Damuth, Dolphus (fl. 1839-1913)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Maria Damuth

Gives an account of his health. Despite recent illness, Damuth weighs 144 lbs, "more than I ever weighed in my life." He is in charge of rations for the company and encloses a slip of paper with a list of five days rations. The camp has a black servant who cooks for the men and washes their clothing. Discusses more camp health issues and assures his sister that although she might think "the Hospital is a dredful [sic] thing…it is not so here." Colonel Gill is under arrest after an incident in town.

GLC03523.14.08

22 August 1863

Chase, Salmon P. (Salmon Portland) (1808-1873)

Letter signed

Title: to Andrew Jamieson

Writes to Jamieson, the Collector at Alexandria, Virginia in reference to the transport of merchandise such as cotton and tobacco to the states in rebellion. Instructs that Jamieson will have to prepare a statement each month showing the number of permits granted to transport goods to the rebellious states, including any money received for these permits and the total value of the merchandise transported. Also orders that the same will apply to any money received from the sale of captured, seized, or abandoned property. Chase signs as Secretary of the Treasury.

GLC02091

23 September 1863

Kilroy, Patrick (fl. 1863-)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Sir

He is upset because in many Northern papers there are reports of the freedmen of the South growing an abundance of crops like cotton, corn and potatoes. The turth is that the all the costs that go into paying the freedmen and rations far outweigh the amount of crops that are actually produced.

GLC07205.039

14 October 1863

Cushing, Edward H. (1829-1879)

Newspaper

Title: The Tri-weekly telegraph. [Vol. 29, no. 89, whole no. 3744 (October 14, 1863)]

Ads for conscription substitutes. Notice on transmission of mail across the Mississippi. The Fordoche fight. Judge Oldham's speech. Editorial on finances, including discussion of cotton. Letter to the sheep farmers of Texas. Fugitive slave ad.

GLC05959.51.090

23 November 1863

Prentice, George Dennison (1802-1870)

Newspaper

Title: Louisville daily journal. [Vol. 33, no. 367 (November 23, 1863)]

Cotton in New Orleans Seized.
An article from the St. Louis Republican describes events in Vicksburg. Minutes from the Board of Aldermen's meeting are included. An editorial about the protection of borders, particularly the southern border of Kentucky.

GLC05959.14.28

5 December 1863

Cushing, Edward H. (1829-1879)

Newspaper

Title: The Tri-weekly telegraph. [Vol. 29, no. 108, whole no. 3763 (December 5, 1863)]

Letter to Texas cotton planters. Death of Major Hill. Legislative proceedings. Situation on the border. Editorial announcing the formation of the Texas Cotton Bureau. Fall of Fort Esperanza. Letter from L.A. Bryan. List of voluntary contributions.

GLC05959.51.096

30 December 1863

Cushing, Edward H. (1829-1879)

Newspaper

Title: The Tri-weekly telegraph. [Vol. 29, no. 122, 3777 (December 30, 1863)]

News from the front, Shreveport, Alexandria. Act to provide for the defense of the state. Editorial on the impressment. State cotton bonds. Sketches of Quantrell's men: Captain George Todd.

GLC05959.51.101

20 January 1863

Damuth, Dolphus (fl. 1839-1913)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Maria Damuth

Damuth's company is moving to Helena, Arkansas aboard a Union steamer called the Moderator. The 29th Wisconsin meets up with the 28th, and Damuth sends news of friends. Sitting on deck, he sees over thirty steam boats and two ironclads sailing for war. In St. Charles, the men find the remains of trenches and Damuth reflects that he and all the rest of his regiment probably would have been killed if the Rebels had not deserted the camp.

GLC03523.14.09

1864

Debow, J.D.B (fl. 1864-)

Pamphlet

Title: Report on the condition of government cotton contiguous to the Mississippi and its tributaries.

GLC06745.257

5 February 1864

Cushing, Edward H. (1829-1879)

Newspaper

Title: The Tri-weekly telegraph. [Vol. 29, no. 138, 3793 (February 5, 1864)]

An address by the Texas governor to the state. Matamoras intelligence. Adjutant and inspector general's general orders from Richmond. News from Alexandria. Editorial on blockade trade. Cotton and wool factory.

GLC05959.51.113

10 February 1864

Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus) (1803-1888)

Letter signed

Title: to [Jefferson Davis]

Memminger, Secretary of the Confederate Treasury, encloses an estimate (not included) of appropriations requested "to make purchases of Cotton and Tobacco to meet the engagements of the Government." Requests that Davis inform Congress of this action. Written on Confederate States Treasury Department stationery.

GLC08526

19 Febuary 1864

Wheeler, Lysander (fl. 1837-1903)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to his parents, brother-in-law, and sister

Writes that he is in good health and is glad to hear that his family is as well. The brigade still has not marched out from Nashville, Tennessee. There is also another brigade close by and they each hear rumors that one of them has received marching orders. States that the weather is very cold and the men are without their overcoats as they had sent them home. The commander of the other brigade sees no point in marching out before spring. Writes that he is still required to go on picket despite the bad weather. However, they do not have drills or dress parade during bad weather.

GLC07460.070

24 February 1864

Cushing, Edward H. (1829-1879)

Newspaper

Title: The Houston daily telegraph. [Vol. 29, no. 154 (February 24, 1864)]

Rangers in east Tennessee. Planting cotton. Habeas corpus. Fugitive slave ads.

GLC05959.55.02

March 1864

Redmond, Dennis (fl. 1856-1865)

Newspaper

Title: Southern cultivator. [Vol. 22, no. 3 (March, 1864)]

Costume for Negroes, Governor Brown's Message, Pardoning Negroes. This issue contains in-depth scientific articles examining the composition of certain types of seeds, with one on the early history of cotton and its production. An editorial comments that slave dress should be regulated by law. A note from the governor warns against illegal distillation of grain into alcoholic liquid. An article encourages the development of resources.

GLC05959.11.08

11 March 1864

William Lloyd and Co.

Newspaper

Title: Daily Richmond examiner. [Vol. 17, no. 307 (March 11, 1864)]

Regulations of foreign commerce - the exportation of cotton & tobacco.

GLC05959.72.064

29 March 1864

Smith, Bailey & Co.,

Newspaper

Title: The Sentinel. [Vol. 1, no. (March 29, 1864)]

Official Dispatch from New Orleans, two regiments captured, Fort DeRussey taken by assault, giving the Yankees control of the richest cotton region in the Southwest, Confederate Victory in Louisiana, Secretary Chase to issue "Gold Notes" under the new Act.

GLC05959.57.08

21 April 1864

Smith, Edward (fl. 1863)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Tobias Gibson

Dated at "Cotton Press No. 4." Smith, a member of the 2nd LA Cavalry, Co. G, informs Gibson of his being wounded, captured and imprisoned. He requests $200-$300 in city funds.

GLC04501.096

30 April 1864

Polk, Leonidas (1806-1864)

Letter signed

Title: to Henry T. Clark

Writes to North Carolina Governor Clark about the recent act passed by the Confederate Congress authorizing the exportation of cotton across enemy lines in exchange for supplies.

GLC01078

18 January 1864

Johnson, Herschel V. (Herschel Vespasian) (1812-1880)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to James A. Seddon

Requesting a permit allowing the bearer, Mr. Barnett, to cross Confederate Lines. Barnett "requires a pass to cross our lines in order to ship in wire for making cotton cards." Johnson says he has faith in Barnett, and hopes he will be issued a pass.

GLC02725

29 May 1864

West, Lewis H. (b. 1829)

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Harriet Moore

References her letter of 11 May 1864. Says he has heard of the hard fighting by Grant in Virginia. Laments his status as an "Acting Master," saying the government uses the rank to fill a variety of roles at lesser pay. Says they are very isolated and see very few ships. Says "The bark [his ship] lies at the north end of St. Catherine's Island, on which there is a colony of old superannuated negroes and young children.

GLC03836.67

June 1864

Redmond, Dennis (fl. 1856-1865)

Newspaper

Title: Southern cultivator. [Vol. 22, no. 6 (June, 1864)]

Cotton of the South. An editorial from the Richmond Enquirer laments the unlearned lessons of war, namely the need for agricultural independence. An editorial on marriage is printed in this issue, encouraging readers not to pursue marital relationships too early. Articles on physical education, youthful industry, and smoke for the cure of wounds also fill this issue in addition to the typical articles on manure, corn, and gardening.

GLC05959.11.09

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